nothing definitive in those pics as far as I am concerned. I would give it more time personally. possibly a male "crab claw" there. or do you think it is both??
The water is not useful for anything. You should stop heating it or add water before it all boils off. the butter and water will seperate when you put it in the fridge (oil sits on top of water). It is possible that you over heated the butter and cooked off some thc if you boiled off all of the...
They look good to me too. The buds will start swelling up soon and will pack on some weight. I wouldnt even worry about trics for a couple of weeks yet myself..
I see nothing in those pics that indicates sex of the plants. give it a couple more weeks and it may show pre flowers. "crab claws" at the node indicates male pre flowers, where as 2 little white hairs indicate female pre flowers.....
also, how big is that pot that it is in?? looks like it may...
you need a microscope or jewlers loupe to see the colors of the trichs, cant tell from these pics or by naked eye.
as for the yellowing of leaves, it is completely normal.. IMO your plant looks great. but without a loupe or scope you will never be able to tell what has gone amber and what...