In many cases it's not the timer but a cheap driver being used. This is usually caused by a capacitor in the driver retaining a charge and slowly dissipating. There are 2 ways to test your issue that are fast and free. Plug the panel directly into the wall, let it run for 10 min and then unplug...
800nm is at the far end of the usable range. I would suggest some whites as fillers for the accessory pigments and far reds (in the 720-740 range) for the Emerson effect.
That is not the greatest of ideas. The basket will just hold in the heat and shorten the life of the ballast in the best case or overheat and cause the basket/ballast to catch fire in the worst case. Is there a reason yo want to do this?
Cannabis has the ability to use/process as much as 1500uMols (this is the highest amount tested). Temperature, quality of light, and CO2 units can all have an affect on this though.
Again, this question is asked and answered in the first 2 post. DO NOT use lumens as a measurement for lighting your grow area. For a 10 square foot area you want at least 500 watts of HPS lighting for flower or 650 watts of CFL. This is the actual power draw of the bulb and not the equivalent...
This is broken down a bit better in those first 2 post, but you want to light the area of your grow. Lumens is a poor measurement of light for plants because it is skewed to the worst color output for plants. For 24 square feet you want ~1200 watts of HID or 1600 watts of CFL lighting...
Get a 250 watt MH bulb. The pulse start current could likely be enough to make it pop should it attempt to restart after a power outage/ lose connection. If you are starting it cold it will work (at least for a little while), it will simply lower the life of the bulb. However, it is not worth...
Is price a factor or are you wanting the best possible light out there? I personally wouldn't recommend any of those listed.
If price matters the cheapest is TopLED. IntellegentGrow has some good grows here, as does Platinum, and Advanced.
If price is of no concern then Advanced XTE or...
Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seem you was running four 24 watt T5 bulbs (I'm guessing Zoomedic or similar) and a 1000 watt HPS? If that is the case, then your CFL ratio was 10.4%... that would make your UV:B ratio ~1.02% or 10.5 watts of UV:B
Yes, it will be fine. start increasing the light at the onset of the 3rd or 4th leaf set and make sure to keep the bulb off the plant. Put the back of your hand right over top of you seedling, if you feel heat intensity from the bulb your plant will too.