Grow Room Automation

This is by no means an exhaustive expose' of the subject, nor am I even the slightest bit knowledgeable therein. That aside, I do have an extreme interest in this subject because of my dwelling situation coupled with my state's current political position on Cannabis. To be more frank, I grew out a plant last year, journaled it here and did my very best to keep it secret from everyone that I do not live with. However, as this is a pretty high maintenance hobby/profession, especially to a new grower, I found myself needing to spend hours a day in my room building, constructing or just trying to dial my grow into a favorable and optimal range, all while my room mates would frequently entertain guests when the bars let out. Needless to say my absence caused many of those guests to inquire as to my whereabouts. If I were not in my room, I could be out mingling and running my own interference schemes to keep curious eyes preoccupied in other ways.

It was this feeling of unease that caused me to search for other ways of being able to manage my grow remotely, and though I have found quite a few different solutions, I still lack the knowledge and budget to get it all under my roof and for my benefit.

This blog entry is really just a platform I will use to expand my knowledge and share it with subscribers simultaneously. My plan is to one day own and control a plethora of completely automated grows that I would not need to be physically at save for maybe once every 7-10 days. That is a pretty tall order I know, especially for someone that is busting his back trying to get a multi plant grow off the ground and into a successful harvest, so I will obviously need to start somewhere, with just a single grow and implement my findings as I can afford to and hopefully I will be able to trickle funds into this idea which I anticipate will keep me out of my own personal grow save for topping and transplanting.

I happen to know that as of the date of this writing, we the human race have the technology on the market to manage light cycles with no timers (as we know them), control air movement times and fan speed, fill, mix and empty 1 or more reservoirs at will, control air quality, humidity and temps, operate and access video feeds with night vision and pretty much every other parameter I cannot recall at this time. All of which I plan to one day (sooner the better) observe and control from my smartphone.

The following YouTube video I found just last night while trying to research this topic again depicts a man in California that already has done what I want to do with his outdoor aquaponic grow that produces a vast array of edible veggies. I plan to build a system based off of these same concepts, but I will pick and choose to better suit the plants that I will be focusing on. This man also manages other grows remotely via his computer and as this video is well over a year old, I'd bet he now controls his grows via his smartphone.


For those that are really intimidated with circuitry, computers and all of this newer technology, there are definitely other less hands on options that will achieve the same end result such as Insteon for Android users and WeMo for iPhone users.


However, at first glance, it appears to me that Insteon and Wemo will both be a little to restrictive in terms of the goals that I am setting for myself, I will put upon myself to learn about a little device called Arduino which to my very limited knowledge is a small computer board that can easily be connected to thousands of other devices such as relays for controlling outlet fixtures, solenoid valves, meter valves, probes for monitoring nutrient mixtures, cameras and liquid flow controllers.

The Arduino can be accessed and controlled via Bluetooth, Ethernet and also there are smartphone apps for it. The Arduino is a similar in nature to the Linux operating systems in that most of the commands need to be typed in command line fashion, there is however a few different Arduino forums that I can utilize to learn that programming language and use it to make the Arduino do what I want it to do.

What I would like to accomplish is to be able to press a button on my smartphone which energizes a valve that empties my nutrient reservoir, another that fills it back up to a desired level with Reverse Osmosis water that will be kept on hand in another storage tank, activate an air stone to bubble for a while, another to check Dissolved O2 levels, EC/PPM, water temp and pH, another to begin meting nutrients in to the desired levels, monitor it some more and make the very fine adjustments as needed in accordance with my feed plan for that given plant(s). All of this while also managing light schedules, air movement schedules, room temp, CO2 levels, RH and odor control, everything that we all do during an average grow cycle. Basically, every single device or apparatus that we growers implement that somehow utilizes an electric current to function can be tied into the Arduino board and controlled via smartphone.

Aside from all the legalities associated with growing Cannabis, I would like to one day go on a vacation perhaps to a foreign country, and entrusting a friend to watch over a grow is one thing, entrusting multiple friends to be able to pick up exactly where I left off with multiple grows at multiple locations is a whole new plateau of trust one would need to get to bed at night. However, if my vaycay destination has internet access, I can still manage my grow completely and only need to entrust others to do the actual physical stuff such as pruning, topping and transplanting. But then again, if my budget were to open up, robotic arms could also be attached and controlled making the entire grow 100% hands free and every day would then become a sick day!

So feel free to subscribe if you wish and post anything at all related to this subject that you feel would be beneficial to myself or others that may just be passing by or doing his/her own research. I will continually update this blog as I feel need, or if I find something or accomplish something that better serves this goal of mine.

Comments

HERE is the clones I ordered. Being such, I expect delivery to take around 2 weeks as it's coming from China, but I do hear good things about chinese technology so I was confident to take the small risk.
 
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To expand a little on what Unfetteron said about the Pi...

It's a Linux server, so you can use ANY language you want. It's not just a controller chip like an Arduino. The Pi is an actual computer. I think I came across teh Beagle stuff in my research as well, but I'm wary of less popular platforms. The HUGE user base for Arduino and Pi mean that someone has probably already tried to do most of the things I want to do.

Think of it this way... you use a computer now to run the IDE to send sketches to your Arduino. You can do this with the Pi too. So think of the Pi as a controller for your Arduino(s). I'm taking this approach as it allows the system to scale up as needed. As you found, the Arduino hardware is pretty cheap, so adding another Adruino and sensor shield is not a huge amount of $$. The sensors themselves on the other hand, can get pretty expensive. My notes are not in front of me, but I think my ph sensor item list was gonna cost less than $50 each. That doesn't include the Arduino. This is just for the parts to attach a ph sensor to the sensor shield. I need 3 ph sensors, so I'm trying to approach this as a modular system that I can add component to as need and as funds allow.

I hear you guys about the costs of building grow rooms. I haven't made ANY purchases of this stuff yet, but this is my next phase. The second half of my flowering room will be live in the next week or so. At that point, I'm 'built out' and can enter the refinement phase.

FYI, I have a very strong electronics AND programming background. I'm new to Arduino and Pi, but not the concepts involved. As a matter of fact, I'm hoping to develop this project into something I can base a business around. I'm a "dreamer", so I have some pretty ambitious ideas though. :9: My primary motivation for this is not cannabis growing specifically. I grew a veggie garden this year, and want to build an aquaponics system to have fresh veggies year round. As I start designing my greenhouse, I realize I want this sort of system built in from day 1. My cannabis garden will be the first test area until I get the greenhouse up next year. Plans are a little uncertain about that as my wife and I are considering another move, so I'm reluctant to build a greenhouse if I'm leaving. I may end up building a smaller test system in my garage until we move.

Anyway, that's where I'm coming from as I approach this project. Once I start building, I'll probably start a separate journal about the system. Once I start building the aquaponics version, I'll probably create a website elsewhere. Again, I'm developing this system in hopes it can be used for much more than cannabis. :)
 
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I'm with you Hiker on scalability as I want to automate every single light switch and outlet in my house, and more importantly have smartphone access to it all. I comprehend what you guys are saying about using the Pi, but as I understand now, the Ethernet shield can also create a server to be accessed. Not to mention that there already is a functioning app for Androids to interface with the arduino, so long as it is connected to a network that has internet. I'm pretty sure the Pi would also have the same requirements. Don't get me wrong, if sticking with Arduino only hinders me from expanding control of my entire grow, I will include a Pi and add the programming for it to the list of things I need to learn. At the moment, I really believe that what I hope to accomplish will be nowhere near the threshold of over driving the Arduinos very limited processing ability. I figure some relays will be called to close their loop for durations of either 18 or 12 hour periods per 24, a TDS and pH reading once every half hour should be more than enough (47 more readings per day than I currently take), the peristaltic pumps might get used once every other day tops, the temp, RH and CO2 PPM would probably get the most attention and thermometer to control fan speed might also have a sizable footprint, but no matter how many rooms I add, I don't see the electronic foot print really pushing the limits. I should also note that the micro Sd card can be used a few different ways in Arduinos so most of the sketches and/or libraries will already be physically stored on the stack, so that should lighten the load a bit.

Whatever the case, the general topic and how it relates to us is still too broad for me to make a final determinations, but I am staying the course with Arduino (at the moment) and slowly building my own understanding of it all while I expand my hardware in the process. Thanks for sharing your thoughts and knowledge on the subject.
 
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I wasn't aware of this particular product, but it was something like the bartendro that I worked around back in 2008 that got me first digging up anything I can about it and how that technology could be used to automate my grow. I worked as a barback which was the guy that kept all the coolers stocked, kegs tapped, ice full, or any other duty too far outside the scope of bar tending. Anyway, in the basement of that establishment was a fenced in room that had 2 complete walls filled with half gallon bottles of booze, each turned upside down on a manifold. This mechanism then was plumbed to the bartending liquid guns all throughout the establishment and say a girl got an order for a Captain and Coke, all she has to do is press a button on the gun and sode along with a premeasured amount of Captain Morgan would spew from the end of the gun into the cup.

Thanks for the share, but @ $120 per pump, that is way outside of my budget range, even after a couple harvests. I've found those same pumps minus the circuitry on fleabay for around $15. Assuming they each run on 5 volts of power, my Arduino board should be able to power them directly, but if not, I can easily hook up a relay circuit to control that. I figure 8 pumps should cover every liquid product I use, then drafting the code to run it all is what I find most intimidating.
 
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Subbed. Kinda on the same path. I like automation. :)
 
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Glad to have you aboard mrrobert!

Since I'm here, I'd like to share a link to the "Passive POE Injector Cable" that I will be purchasing in a few days. For those that don't yet know, POE stands for Power Over Ethernet and it basically is a method of sending a power feed through an ethernet wire by utilizing 4 unused wires in an ethernet cable and soldering them into pairs to carry the positive and negative leads from a Direct Current (DC) power source to the device at the other end of the Ethernet cable.

I also expect to be getting my Arduino Mega 2650 and Ethernet Shield clones in the mail by the end of the week, and the above link will enable me to power and control the Arduino stack via an Ethernet switch and my computer. I am pretty sure I will be able to access it from my Android app this way, but if not, I will definitely be investigating how to put the Arduino online to be accessed. Remember, this is about automating our grows via the internet from our smartphones for as cheap as I can humanly accomplish and I'm a pretty frugal (cheap) guy.
 
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I think I'm going to start with monitoring and logging first I think. Once finish I my growrooms... I want the arduino to write to a SQL database via php and have php generate dynamic elapsed time graphs. I can't find my pi, but any Linux pc can do this. I'm going to build the server end as a virtual machine and make it available as a free virtual appliance once I can make it easily customizable. I assume that Windows is capable of this as well, but I'm only going to use software licensed under the GNU GPL to keep all parts of my automation project FOSS. (Free open source software) I'm a cheapskate too! It's the way I was raised. My family had the attitude of having more time than money. Lol I was the only person taking the Red Hat certification exams without paying 5k for a one week class.
 
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Windows has an app called VMWare for running virtual machines. I first used the Linux Backtrack 3 as a virtual machine, but it was glitchy so I then booted BT from CD. I'll have to see if VMWare is open sourced or not.
 
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What's up gang. I have been doing more research these past few days and I'm pretty sure I'll also be ordering some DHT22 temp/humidity sensors for as cheap as I can as I want 2 per room times 3 rooms. Also on my wish list is a better way to control my split capacitor 440 CFM blower fan, and one of you recommended I get a triac. Additional research now leads me to believe that I would need a diac triggered triac, or an internally triggered triac which is called a Quadrac that is just a triac with the diac inside of it.

Can anybody expand upon this for me? I have a cheap iPower fan and here's a pic of the insides. Ultimately, because I'm so paranoid about noise above all else, I want to be able to use motion sensors throughout my house to trigger the fan speed to low when someone is nearing the fan's location, or even to be able to adjust the speed from the Arduino app on my phone. I might be better served asking these questions on the Arduino Forum, but they don't understand my desired end result the way you guys do, so IMO, you guys are better equipped to advise.

I like the sink or swim approach in that I am searching first if the circuit can be built, second how to build it and third how to create the code to run it properly. With that said, if I get suggestions of products that I can later learn to use, if it at least makes sense in my head, I'll scratch the funds up and make the purchase like I'm about to do with the DHT22 sensors. I don't know how to use them yet, but I will learn as soon as I get them. This I believe (for me) is the best way to build my controller that I envision, in stages.
 
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Here is another possible solution. I am not yet completely familiar with all the components and what their strengths and weaknesses are so my train of thought is a little shifty until I learn more, but I want to have the ability to control my fans speed first with Arduino code, but also have the ability to be adjusted by the user interface, so something to the effect of a digital potentiometer if such a component exists.
 
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skybound i found your thread while diggin info over thecapn you know he left..
So back to the topic...

I want to tell you that Arduino is really pain in the ass... You can better off work with any other device easily..

I am telling this from 1 yrs of exp on the specific projects.

Arduino require too much programming testing ... still after that it might fail..

Varies you can use rasperry pi os to handle the GPIO it is all about the GPIO. And yes i spend lot of agonizing time for it... Currenltly aslo i am suffering from arduino RTC clock mismatch which result in turning the light on when not needed.. Yes i am working on grow control device using arduino uno3. And i will be watching your blog..

Currently i would sugges to look for

udoo UDOO: Android Linux Arduino in a tiny single-board computer it is arduino + linux/android
Rasperry pi (GPIO + LINUX)
beaglebone black my fav
and if you need
DESSERT FOR YOU = for your Arduino Mega

Billie's Hydroponic Controller
No body did so good with arduino that this billie guy did...
 
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also the suggsted
Bartendro Dispenser - Peristaltic Pump and Controller
is too costly you can get normal pump (remember to get 6v or lower one because 12v is useless for small drop wise dosing)
you can get cheap peristaltic pump from adafruit website. You just need to tweak the timing of relay to operate this thing precisely and it will save good amt of money
 
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Thanks for the the feedback atlainta, and also for getting subbed up.

I can clearly see that Arduino, Rasp Pi, Beaglebone and others have a lot of drawbacks in and of themselves. Beaglebone from a hardware standpoint is a dream and would likely be the best controller/processor to manage an entire grow op, however the programming language is more complex and requires a user that has programming experience in C/C+ and there is less of a following which translates into less support. Arduino has the largest following but as you pointed out is riddled with glitches and bugs, plus the ability to process multiple commands simultaneously is severely limited. The Raspberry Pi is a standalone computer, but from what I can tell it is just as limited at controlling circuits as Arduino is at computing which IMO would mean I would have to work hard and more or less contort my entire approach just to work it in if that makes sense.

What I do like about Arduino is that it is open sourced so anybody can copy it, and many (especially the Chinese) do copy it for dirt cheap. There is a very LARGE Arduino community and their forum is just as popular in the micro electronics world as 420 is in the cannabis awareness world. I am well subbed up to Billies thread and am following that closely, though his controller is only about half of what I envision for my situations.

Too bad Beaglebone wasn't as simple and easy to program as Arduino because I'd be all over it like white on rice.

I've found dirt cheap peristaltic pumps on the web for less than $10 a piece and those will do just fine in my design.

The Udoo does look cool, but when I typed "Udoo" into my search engine, then clicked the shopping icon in Google, there was only a single distributor of the product and they want $134 just for the board. So it seems that the Udoo is still too new for me as I'm also too new. I would have also liked it more if they merged it with the Mega2650 instead as that is a more popular Arduino (at least over here in the states) and it has the most GPIO ports.

So for the time being, I am gonna stick with Arduino. I am already a bit invested into it and have yet to unlock the usability of it as well as the pitfalls that comes with it. Though I am slightly shifty on this topic and if I happen upon a more powerful controller/processor that I can learn with a degree of ease, I will redirect myself that way if I can afford to, but at the moment, Arduino is the most affordable way for me.
 
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Go on no problem..

I will be watching over this blog and i am really interested in this.
 
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For what it's worth, I'm having some trouble with the seller, and getting my Mega and shield delivered. I tracked the shipment right to my town, then the message says 'undeliverable" then "forwarded". I don't know what caused it to skip, but the post office told me that it likely was rerouted to one of their hubs in my state, and hopefully they send it back up to my zip code. If not, I waited a month to find out Newegg may not have been the most solid choice as they first tried to defer me to the seller in China to find out what went wrong. Long story short, the middle man told me to contact his distributor. If I'm gonna deal directly with your distributor, do you think you'll see another of my dollars?

So the journey continues.
 
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i am very surprised of this as newegg is a fairly good company - im an amazon lover over them due to amazon takes care of EVERYTHING!!! - Even returned my wife's breast pump that broke after a month for a full return - and yes they just defect them out lol i called and asked hahahahahahahah - but yea newegg let you down on that one - sorry to hear :(
 
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